Monjurul Islam
Introduction:
Bangladesh is the main country in agriculture. About 70% of the total population still lives in the village and their main occupation is agriculture. Although a large part of national income does not acknowledge agriculture, the people of the main section of the country involved with agriculture. Their fate is associated with agriculture. Those who are involved in different occupations in the city are very much involved in the problem of agriculture and farmers. An approach has seen that 30 lakh garment workers in the urban areas, 40 lakh rickshaw van workers, millions of other laborers, fishermen and even a section of the general middle class are still dependent on agriculture. It is therefore undeniable that the liberation and development of the whole country and the people on the release and development of the agricultural and the peasants is liberated.
Bhurungamari Upazila is known at one point
Bhurungamari is located in the north of Kurigram district. Golakganj thana of Dhubri district of Assam state of India, Tufanganj thanas on the north, Dinhata thana of Kuch Bihar district on the west and Nagswari upazila of Kurigram district on the south east of the upazila. The upazila is located between 262 ‘and 2614′ north latitudes and 89 4 9 east longitude. The total area of this upazila is 2,278.77 square kilometers. The upazila consists of 10 union parishads.
Total population of this upazila – 2, 42, 8, 54, 54. Total land area is 22, 877.78 hectares, of which the land area is 18,300 hectares. The quantity of one crop is 1.39% of the total land ie 2, 55 hectares. The total land area is 56% of the total land ie 10,250 hectares. The total quantity of three cropped land is 42.14% of the total land ie 7 7×7 hectares. In some cases, the quantity of four crops is 0.47% of the total land ie 85 hectares. . Forest area is 15.4%. All the union has 56 kilometer pucca road and 310 kilometers of raw roads. Three rivers namely Dudhkumar, Fulkumar and Keljani have been flowing above this upazila.
Climate and soil structure Of Bhurungamari
The climate of this upazila is related to the tropical monsoon climate. Three seasons are strongly observed during the Six Seasons. Rainy season usually lasts till May-October. Winter remains in November-February. In December-January, all the low temperatures are noticed. Winter season is almost dry. The maximum rainfall is from June to October. In the rainy season, the mountainous hill slopes sometimes come in, but they are less stable. There are two agricultural ecological zones here. According to the nature of the old Tista sediment land, approximately 76% of the land and active Teesta sediments occupy 24% of the land.
Agricultural Product Identity:
The soil of the Bhurungamari upazila is fertile, fuzzy, sandy-foam. According to the arrangement of land, the land here is about the upper and middle upper level. Potassium and organic matter deficiencies are observed to check the soil here. The land here is under 80% irrigation. Crop recovery 241.67%
Here are the main crops of rice, wheat, jute, potato, peanut, pulse, mustard, banana, sweet potato, betel leaf, vegetables. The traditional cash crops are the betel nut, bamboo and jute. There is food production surplus here. However, the cultivation of Falmal is less than the yield. The fruits include mango, jam, kathal, kul, litchi, guava, pepe head.
The problem of farmers in agricultural production
If we look at the results of their condition compared to the other areas of Bangladesh engaged in agricultural development of Bhurungamari upazila, we will stop. Bangladesh is an agricultural dependent country but seeing the situation of farmers and agriculture in Bangladesh, it is seen that without the story of some lucky peasants and agricultural developments in the televisions and letters / papers, there is no fundamental change in the fate of the vast peasantry in reality, all of them must be accepted unanimously. Still the farmers were not released from the exploitation deprivation. There is not much land in the hands of a large part of the farmers. The rich farmers of the area, the non-poor urban gentlemen, the rich owners of the fish poultry and the fruit farm, and the important posts of the state, who have gone out of their agricultural land. Besides, a large portion of the land is going on in the hands of big wealthy, foreign nationalist and Indian companies and their state in the name of road-building, brick kiln, and industrial factories.
The same applies to water pond-pond-canal-bill-river haor-baur.
Hats and bazaars-river-canal have become a big burden on the life and livelihood of the peasants of the Izaradari of the haor. The exploitation of the interest rates on the farmer continues to be different. The original moneylenders have occupied the space of different NGOs, and they Those who have spread a great deal of money in the name of microcredit across the country. They are plundering a large dividend of farmer’s labor. With this, the old interest business is also going on. As a result, the farmers of this area are getting engrossed in debt due to increasing agricultural production. In spite of having state facilities, the farmers have to borrow 10% to 20% of bribe to bring the loan to the bank.
Farmer farming has created new problems in the name of development of agriculture. Irrigation, fertilizer, pesticides in the field. In the field of improved technology, the result of the farmers’ labor is going to be the result of a large businessman, Mahajan, and in the hands of the proletariat and foreign company. As a result the unemployment of the farmers is increasing.
As a result, they were forced to move to different cities in the country, hoping for work because they are not working in agriculture. Men are working as garment workers, rickshaw-van operators, sweeping workers, small businesses or shopkeepers, transport workers and construction workers. Many farmers fail to pay interest on loan, begging them. Many educated young people of the state are being taken into illegal activities like hijacking, Chadabaji, Mastani, and theft robbery. Many people sell their land and sell their land to get away from their relatives, leaving them abroad for the hard work, humiliation and risk of life. Farmer’s biggest problem is to depend on agriculture market to be dependent.
Farmers are controlling the market of agricultural commodities, who have formed syndicate with the help of administration and bureaucrats, from the shades of different political circles. These traders are buying the produce of the farmer at just a price and then making more money at the price of millions of taka taka. They are the ones who manage agricultural inputs, they control that farmers are being exploited greatly in that jatakale.
What will happen if the political parties, the political parties, improve the agriculture and self-sufficiency in food, in reality, agriculture becomes more foreign dependent.The agricultural instrument here is today beyond the reach of the peasantry. Today farmers and people are being bought from the market by oil, pulses, onion, sugar and fish. The main part of which is coming from abroad. In the name of agricultural development, such distortion of environment, nature and agriculture has been made that today the natural domestic fish are extinct. The Bengalis forgot the names of many diverse fish in the soil. The fertile energy of the land is wasted in the use of adulterated fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. The hybrid name has lost its crop diversity. Due to flooding of the river drain canal bill pond, the water is flooding the flood due to blessing of irrigation. The level of water is gradually decreasing. The forest has been destroyed. The hills are being cut off. On the way to extinction of river based transport and transportation. We are not grateful about the intrinsic relationship between agriculture and peasants and fate of all this. Farmers are being deprived of fair prices after harvesting hawkers, because it is difficult for them to sell their produce by selling their produce. It is behind the lack of proper planning and supervision of the government and the reason for the intervention of middlemen.
Many farmers are forced to pay the debt by selling the rice even though they are unable to invest in agriculture with a high interest loan. Besides, due to high prices of fertilizers and seeds, they are unable to adjust the market price of the crop with the cost of production. In particular, there is provision for purchase of rice and rice wheat from the government, but the local politicians, brokers, faria and patals have become hostage to the syndicate made up of owners. Because of the purchase of these syndicates at their own voluntary prices, farmers are going to fall into a major loss. One thing that needs to be remembered is that farmers will have to save the agricultural production at any cost. If the peasant does not save, the national economy can not be saved.
Government steps taken for agricultural production
During the current government, farmers were given the benefit of the farmers for agricultural production including subsidizing 50% subsidy to the farmers, giving subsidy to the farmers, giving small loans to the farmers, giving subsidy to the farmers for the purchase of rice-rice, wheat, fair price from the farmers. limited. Although there are block supervisors of the union based agri-expansion department, in reality their peasants do not have ground level presence, farmers are unable to sell direct crops in the procurement of paddy, rice wheat, but have to get agricultural loans at very low interest, but 10% to 20% of bribe of unscrupulous bank officials and brokers If you do not get the loan, and implementing the government’s adopted steps due to non-payment of loan on time due to advance Mbhaba not.
Way to solve problems in agriculture and farmers
To ensure the livelihood of agriculture and farmers to solve the problem of agriculture and farmer in the interest of the country, the agrarian ministry thinks that the country’s agriculture will take a step forward only if the government has to accept the steps of the country’s national development to implement the slogan and implement it properly. . When discussing the ways of solving the problems of the marginal farmers of the different upazilas of the upazila, what is the need to solve the problem of agriculture and peasantry of peasant Mohsin Ali Bephei of farmers of Andharijhar union, farmer Abdul Malek Bepari, Baldaia farmer Abdul Malek Bepari, Sonahat union farmer Sanwar Hossain, Andharijhar Union farmer Mohsin Ali Bepari. When asked, they said
There should be adequate subsidy in the agricultural sector, especially in agricultural equipment
For the sake of peasantry, it is necessary to ensure continuous power supply during irrigation.
Legislation has to be done to ensure that agricultural land is not in any way done in any way, in the case of industrial and brick kilns.
Farmers will be interested in boro cultivation and should be brought under irrigation system.
To stop the import of foreign seeds, the country will have to supply improved varieties of seeds and supply them to the farmers and take action to supply adulterated fertilizers.
Special attention should be taken to eliminate all irregularities in agricultural debt.
Special surveillance should be kept on the actual farmer’s credit.
Block supervisors, who have been entrusted with the Agriculture Department by the Agriculture Ministry, will go to every village regularly and go to the field to solve the problems of each peasant and ensure the position in the BS quarters.
Laws on different fertilizers and pesticides medicine should be written in Bengal instead of English so that the less educated farmers of the village can understand it and businessmen have to appoint mobile courts to ensure the expired fertilizers and pesticides can not be sold.
The government has to make arrangements to purchase paddy rice and wheat directly from the farmers and strict action must be taken to stop Syndicate of the members of the chairman, politicians and Faria and local government representatives.
An agricultural-based public television channel must be launched so that peasants can solve their problems manually by watching the channel.
Apart from this, the people of different professions of Bhurungamari Upazila asked the people to solve the problem of agriculture and farming. They first told that to build an independent economy outside the control of the World Bank and the IMF, to revitalize and activate the public sector, to the agrarian sector in the state planning and budget. said.
A large part of the educated society will have to be developed to manage agricultural sector. Not only that, the import of various agricultural commodities from abroad should be stopped, the use of chemical fertilizers on the soil, the cultivators should be encouraged to use organic fertilizers. Apart from this, the government will have to take measures to eliminate the country’s agricultural dependence on foreign companies. In this case, the government’s landmark is the main. As a result, the public should review the role of the government and raise awareness. The country will be one step ahead if the government is forced to form an agrarian government by overthrowing the anti-farmer government if necessary, and in the all-weather agrarian movement.
Conclusion:
If the problems of agricultural and peasant problems are not accepted quickly, then the country will not be dependent on food if the problem of agriculture and peasantry is not resolved in the country’s constituency. Bangladesh can never become a prosperous state if it fails to achieve food dependence. If the agriculture and agriculture are endangered, then it will be decided to reconsider how much the adverse impact of the country will be.
The government will have to pay special attention to the crops that the farmer produces.
Everyone should remember that if the production of food grains is reduced, the country will be import dependent on food. At one stage, there will be food crisis in the country. So in order to increase the production of proper food in the country, increase agricultural production and save the farmers. And in order to save them, adequate agricultural subsidies will be increased and subsidies should be ensured so that actual farmers get it. Regulating the price of food and not protecting the interests of the farmers, the continuous decline in agricultural sector will be a big threat to the country’s economy. The country’s national development is not possible without excluding agricultural sector or ignoring the interests of the farmers.
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The author-
Journalist – Daily Prothom Khabor (Rangpur), Daily Bhoredak (Dhaka)
Executive Director – South Asian Newsportal Association (Sanpa)
Publisher and Editor-www.asianbanglanews.com
Email-news,asianbangla@gmail.com
Website: www.asianbanglanews.com
Researcher – World Baul Academy, World Human Religion Research Council (Avatar Group)